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EC Nebraska | If you're working it in with conventional tillage, then spring applied is preferred by the crop. No-till would be different.
MAP is crop available immediately upon incorporation. The availability goes down over time as it reacts with the soil and drops out of solution. How much and how fast depend on the particular soil type. Generally it will be either taken up by the crop or the soil within a few weeks. Then the soil biology takes over and starts processing the phos that tied up with the soil. The biological pool of phosphorus can be quite large. In a healthy productive soil it will equal several years worth of crop uptake. Crop roots need to plug into that biological network and buy most of their phosphorus needs from it.
So, in a way, you're really supplying that microbiology network and keeping it full of phosphorus so that it readily sells phos to the crop roots when every they need it.
Spring applied K is always better for the crop, logistics may override agronomy.
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Spring applied P and K, when is it available to plants?
