We pump from creeks here. Mostly 800-1800 gpm. We run duetz motors with berkley pumps they sip fuel. Can use 200-250 gallons of diesel for 95 acres.
Depends a lot on how dry it is. For example, we have a 95-acre field we irrigate we start on one end and by the time we finish we might do it again to saturate it. Very dry years we pump the field 3 times.  
Our row lengths are different. Its kind of a guessing game. You hope to change gates 2 times a day. Normally on our fields when the water reaches one row it starts to run down the next row and saturates the ground. Flood irrigation isn't perfect, but it works. When you run the cultivator/ridger over the rows it moves a fair amount of dirt so I would say the fertilizer is placed on the row.