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west tennessee | 3095 - Operating With Camshaft Sensor Only - Backup Mode
Context:
The Engine Control Unit (ECU) has reported an error with the monitoring of the Increment speed sensor (Crankshaft speed sensor). In the case of a defective Crankshaft speed, sensor the engine can also be run alone with the Segment speed sensor (Camshaft speed sensor) in a BACKUP mode. This operation, however, imposes a lot of restrictions on the system since the precise position of the crankshaft can only be roughly estimated by the camshaft information. In case the engine enters this BACKUP operation due to a crankshaft sensor error the fault path at hand is set.
Cause:
The ECU has determined that there are errors in the signal from the Crankshaft speed sensor and is currently operating in BACKUP mode. The engine is operating with input from only the Camshaft speed sensor.
Possible failure modes:
1. Faulty Crankshaft speed sensor.
2. Faulty electrical wiring and/or connections.
3. Faulty ECU, or ECU supply voltages or grounds.
Solution:
Verify this error code is still present and in an active state.
If the error is still present and active, continue with step 2.
If the error is no longer present or is in an inactive state, continue with step 7.
Remove Crankshaft speed sensor connector and inspect housing body/latch, pins and wiring harness for damage or corrosion. Also, inspect connector portion of the Crankshaft speed sensor.
If damage is determined after careful inspection, repair wiring and/or replace connector parts to ensure a good and sound electrical connection. Replace Crankshaft speed sensor if damaged.
If no damage is determined, leave connector disconnected and proceed to step 3.
Operation: Resistance Check for Faulty Crankshaft speed sensor.
Vehicle Status: Key Off Engine Off
Connect the test lead labeled "Coolant/Fuel Temp Sensor" from the Tier II (NEF) Diagnostic Repair Kit380040185 to access the sensor terminals. See test table below.
Test Type
From
To
Results (Min)
Results (Max)
1. Resistance
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 1)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 2)
750 ohms
1000 ohms
If the resistance test does not fall in the specified range, replace the Crankshaft speed sensor .
If the resistance test does fall in the specified range, leave connector disconnected and proceed to step4.
Operation: Check Output of Crankshaft speed sensor.
Vehicle Status: Key Off Engine Off (test setup)
Vehicle Status: Key On Engine On (during test)
Make the following electrical tests in the table below. There will be (2) types of tests (in-line and single ended) that will need to be performed which use the test lead labeled "Coolant/Fuel Temp Sensor" from the Tier II (NEF) Diagnostic Repair Kit 380040185. Reference the descriptions below to make the proper electrical connections for each test type.
Single Ended Test Lead Connection Test (Standalone Crankshaft speed sensor test):
Remove Crankshaft speed sensor connector and connect the above mentioned special test lead to the Crankshaft speed sensor. Start the engine and measure the (AC) voltage using a multi-meter across the breakout alligator clips from the test leads. Use the test table below to determine the measurement results.
In-Line Test Lead Connection Test:
Remove Crankshaft speed sensor connector and connect the above mentioned special test lead in-line with the sensor and the engine wiring harness. Make sure that the signal polarity is not swapped during the connection process. Start the engine and measure the (AC) voltage using a multi-meter across the breakout alligator clips from the test leads. Use the test table below to determine the measurement results.
Note:
The engine will be running off the Camshaft speed sensor during this test. The engine can also be very hard to start when the Crankshaft speed sensor is disconnected. The ECU needs to see a few revolutions of the camshaft to be able to use this information to start the engine. Another starting technique would be to have the Crankshaft speed sensor connected in-line with the engine wiring harness with the special test lead (Tier II NEF Diagnostic Repair Kit), start the engine and then disconnect the test lead from the wiring harness.
The Crankshaft speed sensor and the Camshaft speed sensor are exactly the same. These sensors may be swapped in this diagnostic procedure to determine the functionality of the Crankshaft speed sensor. A new set of error codes may be generated by the ECU if sensors are swapped.
Test Type
From
To
Expected Results
1. Voltage (AC) - Single ended connection at low RPM ( 1000 - 1100 RPM)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 1)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 2)
Approx. 16 - 18 volts (AC)
2. Voltage (AC) - Single ended connection at high RPM ( 2000 - 2200 RPM)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 1)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 2)
Approx. 32 - 34 volts(AC)
3. Voltage (AC) - In-line connection at low RPM ( 1000 - 1100 RPM)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 1)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 2)
Approx. 10 - 12 volts(AC)
4. Voltage (AC) - In-line connection at high RPM ( 2000 - 2200 RPM)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 1)
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin 2)
Approx. 14 - 17 volts(AC)
If the voltage test was successful, proceed to step 6.
If the voltage test was not successful for any of the single ended connections, replace the sensor.
If the voltages encountered during testing are low and the sensor was replaced on a prior diagnostic of this type, ensure the sensor is installed properly.
If the voltage test was successful for the single ended connections and not for any of the in-line connections, leave the connector disconnected and proceed to step 5.
Operation: Check for Faulty Wiring.
Vehicle status: Key Off Engine Off.
Perform continuity tests between sensor connector and connector on engine wiring harness. Flex harness during test to check for any intermittent operation. Use the test lead labeled "Coolant/Fuel Temp Sensor" from the Tier II (NEF) Diagnostic Repair Kit 380040185 to be able to access the pins on the sensor connector. Also, use the 0.4 mm (0.017 in) diameter test probes from the repair kit when connecting the multi-meter to the engine wiring harness connector. Make sure the multi-meter's test lead resistance is taken into account when taking continuity measurements. See test table below.
Important Note: Check and verify that the Vehicle Status is correct. Potential ECU damage could result when removing main ECU connectors if this is not followed.
Test Type
From
To
Expected Results
1. Continuity
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin: 1)
ECU engine harness connector (Pin: 23)
Approx. 0 - 0.10 ohms
2. Continuity
Crankshaft speed sensor connector (Pin: 2)
ECU engine harness connector (Pin: 19)
Approx. 0 - 0.10 ohms
3. Shorts
ECU engine harness connector (Pin: 23)
ECU engine harness connector (Pin: 19)
Open Circuit
If continuity/shorts test is successful, go to step 6.
If continuity/shorts test is unsuccessful, find and repair the damaged section(s) of the wiring harness.
Operation: Check for ECU Voltages and Ground Continuity.
Vehicle Status (when removing connector): Key Off Engine Off.
Vehicle Status (when performing test): Key On Engine Off.
Vehicle Status (when replacing connector): Key Off Engine Off.
Using the product schematics for a reference, remove connector from the ECU and check for voltage and continuity at the appropriate pins defined in the test table below. Use the 0.4 mm (0.017 in) diameter test probes from the Tier II (NEF) Diagnostic Repair Kit 380040185 when connecting the multi-meter to connector.Make sure the multi-meter's test lead resistance is taken into account when making any continuity measurements.
Important Note: Check and verify that the Vehicle Status is correct for each operation. Potential ECU damage could result when removing and replacing main ECU connectors if this is not followed.
Test Type
From
To
Expected Results
1. Voltage
ECU vehicle connector (pin 2, 3, 8, 9, 40) on 9L or 13L single turbo or (pin 1, 25, 26, 49, 73, 69) on 13L two stage turbo units.
Ground (engine block)
Approx. 12 volts (DC)
2. Continuity
ECU vehicle connector (pin 5, 6, 10, 11) on 9L or 13L single turbo or (pin 3, 5, 28, 52, 75) on 13L two stage turbo units.
Ground (engine block)
Approx. 0 - 0.10 ohms
If the voltages and ground paths are correct and the Crankshaft speed sensor was not replaced on a prior diagnostic procedure of this type, replace the sensor.
If the voltages and ground paths are correct and the Crankshaft speed sensor was replaced on a prior diagnostic procedure of this type and the sensor mechanical alignment and spacing was verified, re-initialize the ECU as if it was blank (new) and load the appropriate data-set.
If the voltages and ground paths are correct and the ECU was re initialized on a prior diagnostic of this type, replace the ECU .
If the voltages and ground paths are not correct, refer to product schematics and determine root cause of power and/or continuity problem(s).
Visually inspect the relevant harnesses and connectors for damage, bent or dislocated pins, corroded terminals or broken wires. Verify that the connectors are fully installed. Flex the harnesses involved to reveal intermittent breaks or shorts in the wiring concerned. Operate the machine while monitoring the Display.
If damage is found or other than normal display readings are indicated, repair the damage discovered during the inspection or locate and repair the other than normal display condition and verify that the error has been resolved.
If no damage or other than normal display readings are indicated, erase the fault code and continue operation. | |
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