Excellent question.  I don't hold myself out as an expert on those things.

I do think it is fair to consider that our frame of reference is far, far different from a student of OT Jewish teachings, or even the common temple-goer or person would have had 2000 years ago.  That is what this Bible study is about after all, to learn more about the frame of reference for that time.

Even today, when we teach someone something, don't we use a frame of reference?  I use a lot of farm terminology to my little cousins who have some idea of what I am communicating.  My three year old nephew hasn't the slightest idea what is going on.  His parents even less - not farm people, no frame of reference to understand the humor or the teaching.