A pivot table can be made to do that without formulas. It takes a bit to get the layout you want. I've also done similar stuff using Database Query. Again, it takes a bit to make this work.

If the Car payment list was on the same worksheet as the source, you could use advanced filtering.

Finally, you can use VBA macro programming to generate the list.

In other words, what you are asking for is quite possible, but takes some fiddling to make work. I'd start with learning about pivot tables.

The code you use doesn't have to be a number. You can use a label such as "car 1" for any of these methods to work.

Now, if all you wanted was a single number (rather than a repeat of the transaction list) on the car payment sheet, life gets a lot easier. All you need to do is learn about the =sumif() function. That's what I normally do. I add auto-filtering to the main list so I can just look at a single item if I need it, but do the summary work somewhere else.